Working with Data in MATLAB

1. Data Types

Data types (also referred to as classes) define the kind of data a variable can hold and the operations that can be performed on it.

Numeric Types
- double: This is the default numeric data type in MATLAB. Suitable for general-purpose numerical computations where precision and range are important.
- Integer Types: Whole numbers only, which require less memory but have less precision and limitations on certain mathematical operations compared to double.
Character and String Types
- char: Character arrays for storing text created using single quotes.
- string: String arrays, which are more flexible than character arrays and can be created using double quotes.
Logical Type
- logical: Represents true or false values.

Operator	Description	Example
Arithmetic
`+`	Addition	`a + b`
`-`	Subtraction	`a - b`
`*`	Matrix multiplication	`a * b`
`.*`	Element-wise multiplication	`a .* b`
`/`	Matrix right division	`a / b`
`./`	Element-wise right division	`a ./ b`
`\`	Matrix left division	`a \ b`
`.\`	Element-wise left division	`a .\ b`
`^`	Matrix power	`a ^ b`
`.^`	Element-wise power	`a .^ b`
`.'`	Transpose	`a.'`
Relational
`==`	Equal to	`a == b`
`~=`	Not equal to	`a ~= b`
`>`	Greater than	`a > b`
`<`	Less than	`a < b`
`>=`	Greater than or equal to	`a >= b`
`<=`	Less than or equal to	`a <= b`
Logical
`&`	Logical AND	`a & b`
`\	`	Logical OR	`a	b`
`~`	Logical NOT	`~a`
`xor`	Logical EXCLUSIVE OR	`xor(a, b)`
Sets
`union`	Union of two sets	`union(a, b)`
`intersect`	Intersection of two sets	`intersect(a, b)`
`setdiff`	Difference of two sets	`setdiff(a, b)`
`setxor`	Symmetric difference of two sets	`setxor(a, b)`
`ismember`	Determine if elements are members of a set	`ismember(a, b)`
`unique`	Unique elements in an array	`unique(a)`